Canada's September Jobs Report Is Strong, But Questions Remain
Dominique Lapointe | Oct 05, 2018 11:56
Employment change in September from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) was higher than consensus (63K vs. 25K m/m) and our own estimate (35K). Moreover, despite an uptick in the participation rate from 65.3% to 65.4%, the unemployment rate decreased to 5.9% (from 6.0%). One disappointing element in the September LFS is that wage gains are weak, reaching 2.2% y/y and continue to be below inflation (2.8% in August).
While the headline jobs number is positive, a few things caught our attention.
First, roughly 60% of national net gains in September came from part-time employment in Ontario, which rebounded by 39,000, after having fallen by 81,000 in August. While it is very much the norm for part-time employment gains to be reversed the following month (and vice versa), Statistics Canada writes in its latest report that the August decline had been due to seasonal factors not captured in their estimates (major part-time losses in August, instead of July). Statistics Canada also mentions that they are not sure why this happened, leaving us uncertain as to how part-time employment really fared in the last two months.
Another point worth highlighting is the gap in 2018 between the household survey (the LFS) and the payrolls data (the Survey of Employment, Payrolls, and Hours, (SEPH)). On an annual basis, over the last eight years, employment gains estimated by both the LFS and the SEPH have been fairly similar. However, so far this year, payrolls data have been showing much stronger employment gains than the LFS (see chart). While the SEPH is published approximately two months after the LFS, it is quite likely that the SEPH numbers will eventually converge towards those of the LFS. With the economy already at full employment, we are of the view that employment is probably trending closer to what the household survey suggests: the potential for further gains is very much limited.
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